System Cost of Hydrogen Optimization & Sub-HourlyComparative Analysis of PEM and Alkaline ElectrolyzerOperation
The first part of this work highlights the development of a custom system cost of hydrogen calculation that was applied as a model optimization target while accounting for total system costs, as well as hydrogen production. This custom estimation was incorporated into Modelon Impact via customized Modelica language & economy components to optimize the capacity, balance of plant, and operation of hybrid energy systems. Results of this optimization are compared to total cost of ownership (TCO) optimization for a particular case study including photovoltaics, battery energy storage, electrolysis, and hydrogen storage components, for various sensitivities. The second part of this work describes the development of a custom Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzer as well as a custom Alkaline electrolyzer in order to better inform hardware selection for hybrid energy system applications. These components, developed in Modelon Impact, are able to capture transient behavior of PEM and Alkaline electrolyzer technologies, such as minimum electricity limits and ramp rates. With this added functionality, a detailed comparative analysis is currently underway, investigating the operational profiles, as well as hydrogen production, of a PEM electrolyzer system versus an Alkaline system for various hybrid energy system configurations. As a preliminary investigation, 5-minute level PV data was utilized within a PV + electrolysis configuration, in order to capture the generation variability necessary to result in observed differences between a PEM and Alkaline electrolyzer. Preliminary differences in the hydrogen production and operational responses for each configuration are highlighted as part of the industrial user presentation.