FMI Layered Standard for Network Communication:Applications in Networked ECU Development

This paper introduces the FMI 3.0 Layered Standard for Network Communication (FMI-LS-BUS), an extension of the Functional Mock-up Interface 3.0 (FMI 3.0) standard designed to address interoperability challenges in simulating distributed, networked systems, particularly in automotive applications. By leveraging FMI 3.0 features such as clocks, clocked variables, and hierarchical terminals, the standard defines two complementary abstraction layers: Physical Signal Abstraction (High-Cut): Representing physical signal values as clocked variables. Network Abstraction (Low-Cut): Emulates hardware-level bus protocols (e.g., CAN, Ethernet) using FMI 3.0’s clocked binary variables. Aligning with the V-model development process, we demonstrate how these layers address distinct challenges in different design phases: High-Cut supports require- ments engineering and functional testing by simplifying signal exchange during Virtual Electronic Control Unit (vECU) integration. Low-Cut enables later phases of the design validation by replicating network timing and protocol specific properties, such as error handling. The standard’s applicability currently focuses on automotive use cases (e.g., CAN, CAN FD, CAN XL, Ethernet, FlexRay, LIN) but can be extended to industrial au- tomation and IoT, facilitated by its domain-agnostic structure.

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Christian Bertsch

Christian Bertsch is a senior project manager at Bosch Research.
He studied mathematics and physics at the University of Heidelberg, Germany, focusing on numerics. Bertsch began his career at Bosch in 2001 as a simulation engineer. Since 2004, he has led projects for Bosch Research in the fields of system simulation, advanced model-based functions and algorithms for embedded software, cloud applications, and dynamical digital twins.
Within the Bosch Group, he coordinates the usage of FMI and represents Bosch in the FMI Project, serving as its leader since 2022.

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Kahramon Jumayev

Head of Development for the HiL and SiL test tool PROVEtech:RE (https://www.provetech.de/) at Akkodis Germany Consulting GmbH. A contributing member of the FMI project "FMI Layered Standard for Network Communications".

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Andreas Junghanns
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Pierre R. Mai
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Benedikt Menne
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Masoud Najafi
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Jan Ribbe
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Klaus Schuch

Klaus Schuch has been working at AVL List GmbH for more than 13 years and is contributing to the Modelica Association Projects FMI, SSP and DCP.

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Markus Süvern
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Patrick Täuber
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Tim Pfitzer
  • Product Owner, Virtualization Platform (Powertrain) | Bosch
  • Graduate of System Engineering, Hochschule Aalen/Esslingen
  • Active Contributing Member, FMI Design Group