High Performance Computing (HPC)-based and Big Data technologies are outstanding instruments to model the complex dynamic systems studied in Astrophysics and Cosmology today. Their use is needed by the majority of today's activities related to astrophysics: from the reduction and analysis of astronomical data up to their interpretation and comparison to theoretical predictions, including simulations and theoretical modeling.
INAF plays a fundamental role in the participation at the Italian National Centre on HPC, Big Data and Quantum Computing (funded by the EU Italian National Recovery Plan). We are adopting a user-driven approach in order to tightly couple to the community and it will adopt a co-design methodology for the development of the applications of very big experiments (e.g. SKA, CTA, EUCLID, GAIA, LOFAR etc), combining the requirements and the expertise of the scientists and the community code developers to the innovative software and hardware solutions and services envisioned by HPC and Cloud stakeholders, including green computing approaches, addressing the synergic and coordinated development of applications and technology. Among the main targets we are addressing the Big Data processing and visualization, adopting innovative approaches (e.g. Artificial Intelligence, inference via Bayesian statistics) for the analysis of large and complex data volumes and for their exploration (e.g. in-situ visualization), capable of efficiently exploiting HPC solutions.