Integrating Indigenous Ways of Knowing with citation guidelines in Canadian health sciences libraries: an environmental scan
2025-06-04 , 2306/2309
Language: English

Introduction: Though academic institutions strive to embrace Indigenous Ways of Knowing into research praxis, a true integration of Western and Indigenous values remains challenging and elusive. One manifestation of this issue is the treatment of Indigenous Knowledge sources in American Medical Association (AMA) and American Psychological Association (APA) citation styles, which are the primary citation styles used in health sciences research. Recently, there have been radical efforts by academic librarians in Canada to propose new, more inclusive templates for citing Indigenous Knowledge sources. This study seeks to evaluate this emerging practice across academic institutions in Canada to measure current practices in health sciences libraries.

Methods: Publicly available AMA, APA, and Indigenous citation guides will be identified among 297 universities and colleges in Canada. For those institutions that demonstrate one or more of these citation guides, data will be extracted to determine how many and which libraries are circumventing APA and AMA guidelines on Indigenous Knowledge source citation, and what elements they are recommending. A frequency distribution table will be created in Excel to summarize trends across institutions in Canada.

Results: Findings will be presented at the time of the conference as this research is currently in progress.

Discussion: The data will provide valuable insight into which libraries across Canada are actively decolonizing academic citation practices, how they are doing it, and what is being done among health sciences libraries. The data also has the potential to inform health science librarians’ own approach to—and recommendations for—citing Indigenous Knowledge sources.