From the smallest microscopic objects to the largest scales of the Universe, our ability to study the world around us is predicated on the quality of the data we have access to. In other words, cleaner and higher resolution images will provide us with more detailed and accurate information. Obtaining the necessary image quality, however, is extremely difficult, particularly as we push instruments to their limits and have to deal with larger and larger amounts of data. In this talk I will introduce some of the current challenges in the realms of astrophysical and biomedical imaging. I will then present some interesting new ideas for tackling these problems and how Python facilitates their implementation.